Laboratory tests

It must be stated that laboratory tests, regardless of how extensive and accurate, do not exempt a doctor from a the responsibility of a careful observation of the patient.

Laboratories use various medical instruments to examine organic liquids, such as blood, urine, saliva, tears, catarrh, and vaginal- uterine- urethra secretions. Rarely a single exam is prescribed, commonly a battery of exams is done.

These are general cases in which exams are prescribed, and how the results are read.

-Exams are prescribes to verify a previously formulated hypothesis, and to evaluate the effect of an organ on the others. Thus they are commonly prescribed after an accurate medical examination and a review of the case- history.

-If the patient brings previously done laboratory tests, it is up to the doctor to evaluate whether to repeat them or not. He may wish to see an objective analysis of the evolution of the disease.

-It is not necessary for a doctor to prescribe many exams, but only those necessary to prove or disprove his hypothesis. He must avoid numerous, embarrassing, and costly exams unless they are necessary.

-The patient is to be always informed of the reason for the exams, and the doctors hypothetical diagnosis is to be explained (however much possible).

-While reading the laboratory tests a doctor must be able to recognize anomalies which are not necessarily tied to a disease.

-Slightly anomalous results are frequent in batteries of 30-40 exams. If the medical exam does not leave any doubts, it is correct to repeat the exams in order to prove a possible laboratory mistake.

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